Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Force Vector along a Line01:26

Force Vector along a Line

1.1K
Quite often in three-dimensional statics problems, the direction of a force is specified by two points through which its line of action passes. Consider a three-dimensional static pole with a cable anchored to the ground.
1.1K
Vector Addition of Forces01:23

Vector Addition of Forces

5.8K
When understanding the effects of multiple forces acting on an object, vector addition is a crucial concept to grasp. This mathematical concept can be used to calculate the net force acting on an object when two or more forces are involved.
To understand the concept of vector addition, consider the scenario of a ship being pulled by two small tugboats. The two forces, F1 and F2, act concurrently on the ship in different directions. The parallelogram law can be used to calculate the net force...
5.8K
Magnetic Vector Potential01:15

Magnetic Vector Potential

1.6K
In electrostatics, the electric field can be written as the negative gradient of the potential. In magnetostatics, the zero divergence of the magnetic field ensures that the magnetic field can be expressed as the curl of a vector potential. This potential is known as the magnetic vector potential.
Consider an ideal solenoid with n turns per unit length and radius R. If I is the current through the solenoid, the magnetic field inside the solenoid is expressed as the product of vacuum...
1.6K
Moment of a Force About an Axis: Vector01:29

Moment of a Force About an Axis: Vector

942
When a force is exerted on an object, it can cause that object to rotate about an axis. The moment of a force, also known as torque, measures the force's ability to cause that rotation. In the case of a cyclist pedaling a bicycle, the force exerted on the pedal causes the crankshaft to rotate, which in turn causes the wheel to spin. The moment of the force exerted on the pedal drives the wheel's rotation.
First, establish a coordinate system to understand how the moment of a force...
942
Moment of a Force: Vector Formulation01:27

Moment of a Force: Vector Formulation

6.8K
The moment of force refers to the measure of the rotational tendency of a force. It occurs when a force is applied in such a way that it produces a twisting or rotational motion rather than linear motion. The moment arm of a force is the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis of rotation. The moment of force is not a scalar but a vector quantity.
The vector formulation of the moment of force is the cross-product of the position and force vectors. The...
6.8K
Force and Potential Energy in Three Dimensions01:04

Force and Potential Energy in Three Dimensions

5.7K
Consider a particle moving under the action of a conservative force that has components along each coordinate axis. Each component of force is a function of the coordinates. The potential energy function U is also a function of all three spatial coordinates. Force in one dimension can be written as the negative ratio of potential energy change to the displacement along that coordinate. For minimal displacement, the ratios become derivatives. If a function has many variables, the derivative only...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lexical hints of accuracy in LLM reasoning chains.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

The relationship between reasoning and performance in large language models-o3 (mini) thinks harder, not longer.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Multimode Single-Ring Photonic Molecule.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Deep neural networks for inverse design of multimode integrated gratings with simultaneous amplitude and phase control.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2025
Same author

Cascaded-mode interferometers: Spectral shape and linewidth engineering.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Adaptive meshing strategies for nanophotonics using a posteriori error estimation.

Optics express·2024
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Utilization of Plasmonic and Photonic Crystal Nanostructures for Enhanced Micro- and Nanoparticle Manipulation
09:29

Utilization of Plasmonic and Photonic Crystal Nanostructures for Enhanced Micro- and Nanoparticle Manipulation

Published on: September 27, 2011

12.7K

Optical Force Enhancement Using an Imaginary Vector Potential for Photons.

Lana Descheemaeker1, Vincent Ginis1,2, Sophie Viaene1,3

  • 1Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium.

Physical Review Letters
|January 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers enhanced optical forces using gauge materials in waveguides, enabling stronger optical control for micro-devices. This breakthrough could lead to improved waveguide couplers and integrated switches.

More Related Videos

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
08:01

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

7.7K
Forced Salivation As a Method to Analyze Vector Competence of Mosquitoes
05:03

Forced Salivation As a Method to Analyze Vector Competence of Mosquitoes

Published on: August 7, 2018

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Utilization of Plasmonic and Photonic Crystal Nanostructures for Enhanced Micro- and Nanoparticle Manipulation
09:29

Utilization of Plasmonic and Photonic Crystal Nanostructures for Enhanced Micro- and Nanoparticle Manipulation

Published on: September 27, 2011

12.7K
Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
08:01

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

7.7K
Forced Salivation As a Method to Analyze Vector Competence of Mosquitoes
05:03

Forced Salivation As a Method to Analyze Vector Competence of Mosquitoes

Published on: August 7, 2018

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Photonics and optical engineering
  • Quantum optics and nanophotonics

Background:

  • Optical forces are crucial for manipulating small objects but are often too weak for practical applications like integrated switches.
  • Existing methods for enhancing optical forces are limited in their effectiveness for micro-scale actuation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To significantly enhance optical gradient forces within evanescently coupled waveguides.
  • To explore the use of engineered gauge materials for controlling optical forces.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporated gauge materials into the cores of two evanescently coupled waveguides.
  • Designed gauge materials to emulate imaginary vector potentials for photons.
  • Investigated the effect of vector potential orientation on optical force magnitude and direction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an order of magnitude enhancement in optical gradient force.
  • Demonstrated tunable optical forces, including enhancement, suppression, and repulsion, by controlling vector potential orientation.
  • Showcased the potential for novel optical control mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered gauge materials in waveguides can dramatically enhance optical forces.
  • Complex-valued vector potentials offer new avenues for precise optical manipulation.
  • This approach holds promise for advancing integrated photonic devices and micro-actuation technologies.