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Related Concept Videos

Accelerators01:17

Accelerators

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Accelerators in concrete serve as admixtures to speed up the hardening process, enabling the concrete to achieve early strength faster. Although accelerators do not necessarily impact the time it takes concrete to set, they reduce this time in practice. A common accelerator is calcium chloride, which is particularly useful for hastening early strength development in cold weather or for rapid repair jobs that require quick heat generation after mixing.
The effectiveness of calcium chloride can...
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Average Acceleration01:30

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The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
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Acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity, but it is not always in the direction of motion. When an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion. Although commonly referred to as deceleration, this causes confusion in our analysis as deceleration is not a vector, and does not point to a specific direction with respect to a coordinate system. Therefore, the term deceleration is not used. For example, when a subway train slows down, it...
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Acceleration Vectors01:30

Acceleration Vectors

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In everyday conversation, accelerating means speeding up. Acceleration is a vector in the same direction as the change in velocity, Δv, therefore the greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Since velocity is a vector, it can change in magnitude, direction, or both. Thus acceleration is a change in speed or direction, or both. For example, if a runner traveling at 10 km/h due east slows to a stop, reverses direction, and continues their run at 10 km/h...
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Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

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When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
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Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning: A Neuroprotective Technique in Rodents
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Ischemic Preconditioning: No Influence on Maximal Sprint Acceleration Performance.

Kyle M A Thompson, Alanna K Whinton, Shane Ferth

    International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
    |January 19, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) did not enhance sprint performance in trained athletes. While participants perceived IPC positively, objective measures showed no improvement in 10- or 20-meter sprints compared to control or placebo.

    Keywords:
    anaerobic exerciseblood-flow occlusionergogenic aidskeletal musclesprinting

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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Science
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Cardiovascular Research

    Background:

    • Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protects the heart by altering metabolism and oxygen kinetics.
    • IPC's potential as an ergogenic aid in sports is recognized, but research on short-duration activities is limited.
    • Existing studies show mixed results on IPC's efficacy for sprint performance due to intrasubject variation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on maximal sprint performance in sprint-trained athletes.
    • To compare IPC against a placebo (SHAM) and a control condition.
    • To assess potential placebo effects on performance using a visual analog scale.

    Main Methods:

    • A randomized repeated-measures crossover design was employed with 18 sprint-trained athletes.
    • Participants underwent three conditions: IPC, SHAM, and control.
    • IPC involved 3x5-minute occlusions with 5-minute reperfusions, preceding maximal 10-m and 20-m sprints.

    Main Results:

    • Athletes perceived the IPC treatment as significantly beneficial compared to SHAM (P < .001).
    • No significant improvements in 10-m or 20-m sprint performance were observed after IPC or SHAM conditions compared to control.
    • Sprint performance changes were negligible (Δ < 0.01-0.03 seconds) across all conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The tested ischemic preconditioning protocol does not enhance 10- or 20-m sprint performance in sprint-trained athletes.
    • Subjective positive perceptions of IPC do not translate to objective performance gains in this context.
    • Further research may be needed to explore different IPC protocols or athlete populations for potential ergogenic effects.