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Differences in root canal system configuration in human permanent teeth within different age groups.

J N R Martins1, R Ordinola-Zapata2, D Marques3

  • 1Endodontics Department, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Instituto de Implantologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

International Endodontic Journal
|January 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Root canal system configurations change with age, with older individuals showing more complex anatomy, particularly in premolars and molars. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed these age-related differences in root canal anatomy.

Keywords:
ageanatomycone beam computed tomographymorphologyroot canal

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Anatomy
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Root canal system morphology is crucial for endodontic treatment success.
  • Age-related changes in dental anatomy are not fully understood.
  • Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers detailed 3D visualization of root canal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related variations in root canal system configurations.
  • To utilize CBCT technology for precise anatomical analysis.
  • To compare root canal anatomy across different patient age groups.

Main Methods:

  • CBCT scans from 670 patients were analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized into four age groups: ≤20, 21-40, 41-60, and ≥61 years.
  • Root canal configurations were classified using the Vertucci system; observer reliability was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient.

Main Results:

  • A total of 12,325 teeth were evaluated.
  • Younger patients predominantly exhibited Vertucci type I configurations.
  • Older patients showed a higher prevalence of complex configurations (e.g., Vertucci type II) in maxillary and mandibular second premolars and mandibular first molars' distal roots.

Conclusions:

  • Root canal anatomy exhibits significant changes throughout a patient's lifetime.
  • Second premolars and the distal root of mandibular first molars are particularly susceptible to age-related anatomical alterations.
  • Awareness of these age-related changes is essential for effective endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.