Three-Dimensional Analysis of Airway Change After LeFort III Midface Advancement With Distraction

Area of Science:

• Craniofacial Surgery
• Orthodontics
• Pediatric Plastic Surgery

Background:

• LeFort III midface advancement using distraction is standard for craniofacial syndromes with midface retrusion.
• Midface hypoplasia causes aesthetic imbalance, malocclusion, and airway problems.
• Evaluating airway volume changes post-LeFort III advancement is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the change in airway volume after LeFort III midface advancement.
• To quantify the efficacy of distraction techniques in improving airway space.

Main Methods:

• Seven pediatric patients (5-7 years) underwent LeFort III osteotomy and distraction.
• Midface advancement and airway volume were evaluated using 3D CT scans.
• Both rigid external and internal distractors were utilized.

Main Results:

• Average distraction distance was 17.55 mm over 3.82 weeks.
• Postpharyngeal airway volume increased from 5649.33 mm³ to 7403.44 mm³.
• A significant 32.78% average increase in postpharyngeal airway space was observed.

Conclusions:

• LeFort III midface advancement with distraction increases postpharyngeal airway space by approximately 33%.
• Advancement of ~18 mm correlates with substantial airway improvement.
• This technique serves as a reference for future LeFort III distraction procedures.