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A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images
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The incidental thyroid nodule.

Sarah B Fisher1, Nancy D Perrier2,3

  • 1Fellow, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians
|January 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Incidental thyroid nodules require careful evaluation, including ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration. Surgery may be needed for indeterminate nodules, but less invasive options like molecular testing are also available.

Keywords:
endocrine neoplasmincidental findingsthyroid neoplasmthyroid nodule

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Incidental thyroid nodules are frequently discovered during imaging for other conditions.
  • A systematic approach is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Current guidelines recommend a stepwise workup for these nodules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic and management strategies for incidental thyroid nodules.
  • To discuss the role of fine-needle aspiration and subsequent management based on cytologic findings.
  • To highlight options for indeterminate nodules, including surgery and less invasive adjuncts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic protocols for incidental thyroid nodules.
  • Emphasis on history, physical examination, thyroid function tests, and ultrasound.
  • Discussion of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and its interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Initial workup involves comprehensive patient assessment and dedicated thyroid ultrasound.
  • FNA is key for cytologic diagnosis, guiding management decisions.
  • Indeterminate or discordant nodules may necessitate surgical lobectomy for definitive diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Management of incidental thyroid nodules ranges from observation to surgical resection.
  • Surgical excision provides definitive diagnosis for indeterminate cases.
  • Molecular testing and observation are viable less invasive alternatives for select indeterminate nodules.