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Published on: November 13, 2016
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Pallidal deep brain stimulation modulates cortical excitability and plasticity.
Zhen Ni1, Sang Jin Kim1, Nicolas Phielipp1
1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Annals of Neurology
|January 26, 2018
Summary
Single-pulse deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus influences motor cortex excitability and plasticity. This modulation occurs at specific intervals, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for neurological disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuromodulation
- Motor Control
Background:
- Internal globus pallidus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used to treat dystonia, but its precise physiological effects on cortical circuits are not fully understood.
- The impact of single-pulse GPi DBS on motor cortical excitability and plasticity remains largely uninvestigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how single-pulse GPi DBS modulates motor cortical excitability and plasticity in dystonia patients.
- To explore the temporal dynamics of cortical responses following GPi DBS.
Main Methods:
- Recorded cortical evoked potentials using electroencephalography following single-pulse GPi DBS.
- Utilized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with paired-pulse paradigms to assess motor cortical excitability.
- Employed paired associative stimulation (PAS) with GPi DBS and cortical stimulation to evaluate motor cortical plasticity.
Main Results:
- Single-pulse GPi DBS induced two distinct peaks in cortical evoked potentials at approximately 10 and 25 milliseconds.
- Observed transient cortical facilitation around 10 ms and inhibition around 25 ms post-GPi DBS.
- Repetitive GPi DBS paired with cortical stimulation at these intervals induced long-term potentiation-like effects in the motor cortex.
Conclusions:
- Single-pulse GPi DBS dynamically modulates cortical excitability and plasticity at specific latencies.
- These findings offer insights into the mechanisms of action for GPi DBS.
- Timed combinations of DBS and cortical stimulation present a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing neuromodulation in neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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