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Severe obstructive sleep apnea in children with elevated blood pressure
Jane Hinkle1, Heidi V Connolly2, Heather R Adams3
1Strong Children's Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH
|January 27, 2018
Summary
Habitual snoring is common in children with elevated blood pressure (BP). Severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) significantly increases BP in these children, but doesn't worsen learning or behavioral issues.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiology
Background:
- Elevated blood pressure (BP) in children is a growing concern.
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to pediatric health issues.
- The relationship between habitual snoring, OSA, and BP in referred pediatric populations requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of habitual snoring and OSA in children referred for elevated BP.
- To investigate the association between OSA and BP elevation in this cohort.
- To explore the link between OSA and learning difficulties or behavioral problems.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 446 new patients referred for elevated BP.
- Analysis of habitual snoring prevalence and associated factors (obesity, insurance).
- Polysomnography performed on 74 patients to diagnose OSA, with 57 (77%) confirmed cases, including 21 (37%) with severe OSA.
Main Results:
- Habitual snoring was present in 23% of children with elevated BP, with higher rates of obesity.
- Severe OSA was significantly associated with higher office systolic BP (β = 0.07, P = 0.014) after adjustments.
- 52% of children with severe OSA had Stage 2 hypertension; no increased risk for learning/behavioral issues was found.
Conclusions:
- Habitual snoring is a common finding in children with elevated BP.
- Severe OSA is a significant risk factor for elevated BP in this pediatric population.
- OSA does not appear to increase the risk for learning disabilities or behavioral problems in children with elevated BP.
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