Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

13.5K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
13.5K
Dosage Compensation02:50

Dosage Compensation

7.6K
In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with  distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
7.6K
Compensation Mechanisms01:28

Compensation Mechanisms

2.2K
The human body employs intricate mechanisms to counteract changes in blood pH, preventing conditions like acidosis (pH < 7.35) and alkalosis (pH > 7.45). These compensatory responses aim to restore normal arterial blood pH by engaging respiratory or renal systems, depending on the source of the imbalance.
Respiratory Compensation
This mechanism addresses metabolic-induced pH imbalances by adjusting breathing rates. Respiratory compensation begins within minutes of detecting a pH...
2.2K
Average Acceleration01:30

Average Acceleration

14.6K
The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
14.6K
Average Velocity01:12

Average Velocity

24.4K
To calculate the other physical quantities in kinematics, we must introduce the time variable. The time variable allows us not only to state the position of the object during its motion, but also how fast it is moving. The speed at which an object is moving is given by the rate at which the position changes with time. For each position xi, we assign a particular time ti. If the details of the motion at each instant are not important, the rate is usually expressed as the average velocity. This...
24.4K
Average Value of a Function01:17

Average Value of a Function

70
The average value of a function over a closed interval can be interpreted geometrically as the height of a rectangle whose area equals the net area under the curve across that interval. This net area accounts for both positive and negative contributions of the function, providing a single representative value that reflects the function’s overall behaviorA practical illustration of this idea arises when monitoring the temperature inside a greenhouse over a twenty-four-hour period. Although...
70

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longitudinal analysis of CYFRA 21-1 levels in patients with pulmonary nodules: Differential trajectories between benign and malignant cases.

PloS one·2026
Same author

From P Values to Priors: Revisiting the VERITAS Randomized Controlled Trial in Light of Bayes' Theorem.

Chest·2026
Same author

Leveraging Commercially Available Protein Assays as Biomarkers for Lung Cancer.

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·2026
Same author

Validation of a blood-based autoantibody test to assess lung cancer risk in 4-30 mm pulmonary nodules: a retrospective pooled analysis of four cohort studies.

Future oncology (London, England)·2026
Same author

Longitudinal Analysis of CYFRA 21-1 Levels in Patients with Pulmonary Nodules: Differential Trajectories Between Benign and Malignant Cases and Impact of Tumor Resection.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Biomarkers for the diagnosis of indeterminate pulmonary nodules: are we there yet?

Journal of thoracic disease·2025
Same journal

Gaussian-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 60 km fiber using an integrated silicon photonic receiver.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

E2E-OCT: end-to-end joint learning model using optical coherence tomography images for vocal cord leukoplakia diagnosis.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Holographic generation of panoramic 3D scenes by concave ellipsoidal mirror reflection.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Dual-pilot phase recovery with pair-wise maximum-ratio combining for coherent PONs.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Mapping the whispering gallery modes of a CaF<sub>2</sub> disk resonator with half-tapered fibers to estimate the fundamental mode volume.

Optics letters·2026
Same journal

Quantitative estimation of deep-subwavelength scale via dark-field scattering axial energy concentration decay profiles.

Optics letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.5K

Longitudinal pixel averaging for improved compensation in backscattering interferometry.

Michael N Kammer, Amanda K Kussrow, Darryl J Bornhop

    Optics Letters
    |February 6, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Longitudinal averaging in interferometry significantly reduces temperature sensitivity for refractive index measurements. This technique enables precise nanoliter-volume analysis without active temperature control.

    More Related Videos

    Analyzing DNA-Protein Interactions with Streptavidin-Based Biolayer Interferometry
    08:07

    Analyzing DNA-Protein Interactions with Streptavidin-Based Biolayer Interferometry

    Published on: January 17, 2025

    2.3K
    Application of Biolayer Interferometry BLI for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions in Transcription
    07:18

    Application of Biolayer Interferometry BLI for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions in Transcription

    Published on: July 26, 2019

    14.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    22.5K
    Analyzing DNA-Protein Interactions with Streptavidin-Based Biolayer Interferometry
    08:07

    Analyzing DNA-Protein Interactions with Streptavidin-Based Biolayer Interferometry

    Published on: January 17, 2025

    2.3K
    Application of Biolayer Interferometry BLI for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions in Transcription
    07:18

    Application of Biolayer Interferometry BLI for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions in Transcription

    Published on: July 26, 2019

    14.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Physics
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Temperature fluctuations commonly perturb refractive index measurements.
    • Microfluidic devices require precise sensing capabilities for small volumes.
    • Interferometry offers high sensitivity but is often susceptible to environmental changes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a method for stable interferometric measurements in microfluidics.
    • To reduce sensitivity to temperature variations in refractive index sensing.
    • To enable nanoliter-volume measurements with high precision.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a compensated backscattering interferometer.
    • Employed longitudinal averaging of interference patterns along a microfluidic channel.
    • Used an off-the-shelf microfluidic chip and a diode laser.
    • Investigated fringe pattern likeness with varying interrogation lengths.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a 750-fold reduction in temperature sensitivity.
    • Demonstrated a baseline noise level of 3×10-8 refractive index units (RIU).
    • Enabled interferometric measurements at the 10-7 RIU level with a 2°C temperature variation.

    Conclusions:

    • Longitudinal averaging effectively compensates for temperature-induced refractive index perturbations.
    • The method allows for robust, high-precision, nanoliter-volume sensing without temperature control.
    • This approach enhances the utility of interferometry in microfluidic applications.