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Are precues effective in proactively controlling taboo interference during speech production?

Katherine K White1, Lise Abrams2, Lisa R Hsi1

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Rhodes College , Memphis , TN , USA.

Cognition & Emotion
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Precues can help manage emotional interference in speech production by engaging proactive control, particularly for taboo words. However, this benefit diminishes when precued and uncued trials are mixed.

Keywords:
Speech productionproactive controltaboo interference

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Emotional interference, especially from taboo words, can disrupt speech production.
  • Proactive control mechanisms are hypothesized to mitigate such interference.
  • Understanding how cognitive control operates during speech is crucial for explaining real-world communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if precues can engage proactive control to reduce emotional interference during speech production.
  • To examine the impact of precues on speech latency when naming pictures with taboo, negative, or neutral distractors.
  • To determine the conditions under which proactive control effectively reduces interference from emotional stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • A picture-word interference task was employed, where participants named target pictures presented with taboo, negative, or neutral distractor words.
  • Proactive control was manipulated using precues that signaled the upcoming distractor type.
  • Two experiments were conducted: one with blocked precued trials and another with mixed precued and uncued trials.

Main Results:

  • Picture naming was significantly slowed by taboo and negative distractors compared to neutral ones, with the largest effect for taboo distractors.
  • In Experiment 1 (blocked trials), precues successfully engaged proactive control, reducing interference from taboo distractors.
  • In Experiment 2 (mixed trials), the benefit of precues for taboo distractors was abolished, indicating a loss of proactive control engagement.

Conclusions:

  • Item-level proactive control can be engaged to reduce taboo interference during speech production under specific conditions (e.g., blocked trials).
  • The effectiveness of proactive control in mitigating emotional interference is sensitive to trial structure and predictability.
  • These findings contribute to a refined understanding of cognitive control's role in managing distraction during spoken language production.