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Assessing women's lacrosse head impacts using finite element modelling.

J Michio Clark1, T Blaine Hoshizaki2, Michael D Gilchrist1

  • 1School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 200 Lees Ave., Room A106, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|February 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

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Maximum principal strain, a better injury predictor than acceleration, was assessed in women's lacrosse head impacts. Helmets reduced strain from high-risk events like falls and ball impacts, suggesting their benefit in preventing traumatic brain injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics of sports injuries
  • Traumatic brain injury research
  • Finite element analysis in impact studies

Background:

  • Traditional metrics like linear and rotational acceleration poorly correlate with head injury.
  • Maximum principal strain offers improved injury prediction, particularly for prolonged, low-magnitude impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate head and helmet impacts in women's lacrosse using finite element modeling.
  • To assess the efficacy of helmets in reducing maximum principal strain during lacrosse incidents.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized finite element modeling with the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model.
  • Inputted linear and rotational acceleration loading curves from simulated women's lacrosse impacts.
  • Calculated maximum principal strain in the cerebrum for helmeted and unhelmeted scenarios.
Keywords:
Brain strainConcussionHelmetImpact mechanicsInjury prevention

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Main Results:

  • Unhelmeted impacts from falls and balls generated higher maximum principal strain than stick or shoulder collisions.
  • Calculated strain values for falls and ball impacts were within the range associated with concussion and traumatic brain injury.
  • Men's lacrosse helmets significantly reduced maximum principal strain during simulated follow-through slashing, falls, and ball impacts.

Conclusions:

  • Maximum principal strain is a more effective metric for predicting lacrosse-related head injuries than traditional acceleration measures.
  • Helmets can mitigate the risk of traumatic brain injury in women's lacrosse, especially during high-risk events.
  • Implementing helmet use is recommended for high-risk scenarios where sport rules may not fully prevent injuries.