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Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
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Risk Factors for Adverse Events in Patients With Breast, Colorectal, and Lung Cancer.

Saul N Weingart1, Coral L Atoria2, David Pfister3

  • 1From the Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Journal of Patient Safety
|February 9, 2018
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Identifying risk factors for medical errors and iatrogenic injuries in cancer patients is crucial. Lung cancer, nonwhite race, Hispanic ethnicity, advanced disease, and high-risk medications increase the risk of adverse events (AEs).

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Patient Safety
  • Medical Errors

Background:

  • Medical errors and iatrogenic injuries pose significant risks to cancer patients during treatment.
  • Understanding risk factors is essential for developing targeted safety interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify patient, disease, and treatment-related risk factors associated with medical errors and iatrogenic injuries.
  • To analyze the association between these risk factors and the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) and preventable AEs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 400 adult cancer patients (breast, colorectal, lung).
  • Data abstracted from electronic medical records, including patient, disease, and treatment variables.
  • Statistical analyses included chi-squared/Fisher exact tests and multivariable negative binomial regression.

Main Results:

  • 304 AEs (34% of patients) and 97 preventable AEs (13% of patients) were identified.
  • Lung cancer, nonwhite race, Hispanic ethnicity, advanced disease, high-risk nonchemotherapy medications, and chemotherapy were associated with increased risk of AEs.
  • Preventable AEs were linked to lung cancer, Hispanic ethnicity, and high-risk nonchemotherapy medications.

Conclusions:

  • Risk factors for AEs in cancer patients encompass disease characteristics, treatment, and non-cancer medications.
  • The association between AEs and ethnicity warrants further investigation.
  • Prospective risk factor models can identify high-risk cancer patients for targeted safety measures.