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Quantum Fluctuation Theorems, Contextuality, and Work Quasiprobabilities.

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Quantum fluctuation theorems can describe contextuality if they allow for work quasiprobability. This study shows that negativity in work quasiprobability directly signals contextuality in quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Information theory

Background:

  • Quantum fluctuation theorems are crucial for understanding non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
  • Contextuality is a key feature of quantum mechanics, challenging classical intuition.
  • Previous work by Perarnau-Llobet et al. presented a no-go result regarding contextuality in fluctuation theorems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of contextuality within quantum fluctuation theorems.
  • To reconcile fluctuation theorems with quantum contextuality, particularly concerning work measurements.
  • To identify signatures of contextuality in quantum thermodynamic protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of fluctuation theorems for classical and quantum states.
  • Development of a protocol interpolating between projective and weak measurements.
  • Mathematical framework to connect work quasiprobability with contextuality.

Main Results:

  • Any fluctuation theorem reproducing classical two-point measurements either requires work quasiprobability or fails for contextual protocols.
  • A novel protocol bridges the gap between projective measurement work distributions and weak measurement quasiprobabilities.
  • The negativity of work quasiprobability emerges as a direct indicator of contextuality.

Conclusions:

  • Contextuality can be incorporated into quantum fluctuation theorems by employing work quasiprobability.
  • The proposed framework provides a new perspective on quantum thermodynamics and contextuality.
  • Negativity in work quasiprobability offers a measurable signature for quantum contextuality.