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Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
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Heart work after errors: Behavioral adjustment following error commission involves cardiac effort.

Iris M Spruit1, Tom F Wilderjans2,3,4, Henk van Steenbergen5,6

  • 1Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg, 52 2333 AK, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience
|February 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Posterror slowing (PES) occurs when people respond more slowly after making an error. This study found that increased cardiac effort, not attention shifts, drives this phenomenon, supporting cognitive control theories.

Keywords:
Cardiac measuresCognitive controlEffortErrorsHeart rateOrienting responsePre-ejection periodRZ interval

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Posterror slowing (PES) describes slower responses following errors.
  • Existing theories attribute PES to either increased cognitive control or an orienting response to errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between cognitive control and orienting response accounts of PES.
  • To investigate the cardiac correlates of error processing during flanker and switch tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Measured cardiac activity using electro- and impedance cardiography during flanker and switch tasks.
  • Analyzed interbeat interval (cardiac deceleration) and RZ interval (cardiac effort mobilization).
  • Utilized multilevel analyses to link cardiac measures to posterror reaction times.

Main Results:

  • A shorter RZ interval (increased cardiac effort) was observed on posterror trials.
  • Cardiac deceleration (orienting response) was replicated but did not predict posterror reaction times.
  • The decrease in RZ interval significantly predicted posterror reaction times.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the cognitive-control account of PES.
  • Increased cardiac effort, rather than autonomic orienting, is the primary driver of posterror slowing.