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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

Noninflammatory Thyroid Eye Disease.

Shoaib Ugradar¹, Daniel B Rootman^1,2

¹Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Stein Eye Institute.

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

|February 22, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Some thyroid eye disease (TED) patients present with progressive fibrosis, not inflammation. This atypical presentation in older individuals suggests unique disease mechanisms requiring further investigation.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Endocrinology
Immunology

Background:

Thyroid eye disease (TED) typically follows an inflammatory phase, then a fibrotic phase.
This natural history is characterized by self-remitting disease progression.

Observation:

We report 3 cases of TED presenting primarily with severe, progressive fibrosis.
These patients showed no signs of prior active inflammation and were older than typical TED patients.
Two cases developed recalcitrant dysthyroid optic neuropathy.

Findings:

This subgroup of TED patients exhibits an atypical disease course, diverging from the usual inflammatory progression.
The disease progression in these cases was severe and characterized by fibrosis.
Age may play a role in this variant of TED.

Implications:

The pathophysiology of this atypical TED may involve heterogeneity in orbital fibroblast function.
Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying this fibrotic-predominant TED.
Investigating potential links between aging and inflammatory mediators in TED is warranted.