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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
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[PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS.]

V V Likhvantsev, T S Zabelina, O A Grebenchikov

    Anesteziologiia I Reanimatologiia
    |February 23, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Managing diabetes mellitus in surgical patients is crucial. Timely preparation and anesthetic care significantly reduce surgical risks and complications for patients with diabetes.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Surgical Care

    Background:

    • Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus increases perioperative mortality by 50%.
    • Concomitant diabetes mellitus poses significant risks during surgical procedures.
    • Effective management is essential for patient safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address the challenges of intraoperative care for patients with diabetes mellitus.
    • To provide practical recommendations for preoperative preparation, anesthesia, and resuscitation.
    • To reduce specific complication rates to those of the general population.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and synthesis of guidelines from the British Association of Endocrinologists (2011) and Russian (2015) endocrinology associations.
    • Incorporation of recommendations from the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (2015).

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  • Development of practical strategies for perioperative management.
  • Main Results:

    • Timely diagnosis and preparation reduce the risk of death by 50%.
    • Specific complication rates can be minimized through appropriate preoperative and intraoperative management.
    • Adherence to established guidelines improves patient outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Proactive management of diabetes mellitus is vital for improving surgical outcomes.
    • Comprehensive preoperative assessment and planning are key to mitigating risks.
    • Implementing evidence-based anesthetic and resuscitation protocols enhances patient safety.