P and T wave detection and delineation of ECG signal using differential evolution (DE) optimization strategy

Generally, P and T waves in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal are lower in amplitude compared to amplitude of QRS complex and contaminated with noises from various sources. Due to these problems and lack of universal delineation rule, the automated detection and delineation of T and P waves (on, off, and peak position of T and P wave) in the ECG signal are challenging task. The effectiveness for detection of on, off, and peak position of T and P wave by using differential evolution (DE) algorithm with the denoising technique has been verified in this manuscript. The denoising operation of the ECG signal has been performed by extended Kalman smoother (EKS) framework. DE algorithm is used for selection of optimized width and phase of five waves of the ECG signal. These parameters are used in EKS for initialization of the process noise covariance matrix and also development of the state equation. The new algorithm (an intelligent process of searching and subtraction) for detection of on, off and peak location of P and T waves without using amplitude threshold is developed by using the optimized parameters computed by the DE algorithm and denoised ECG signal with the help of the EKS framework. The effectiveness of the proposed technique has been validated using real-time QT database. Our proposed method shows better sensitivity, predicitvity and accuracy compared to other well-known methods for detection of on, off, peak location of P and T wave.