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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Microinjectrode System for Combined Drug Infusion and Electrophysiology
Published on: November 13, 2019
Optimizing Drug Delivery of Small-Volume Infusions
Kelli Thoele1, Maria Piddoubny, Ryan Ednalino
1Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana (Ms Thoele, Dr Ednalino, and Mr Terry); and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Dr Piddoubny). Kelli Thoele, MSN, RN, ACNS-BC, BMTCN®, OCN®, is a clinical nurse specialist at Indiana University Health in Indianapolis, Indiana. She is interested in evidence-based practice and safe handling of hazardous drugs. Maria Piddoubny, PharmD, BCOP, is a PGY-2 graduate of Indiana University Health in Indianapolis, Indiana, now working as a hematology/oncology patient care pharmacist at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Her interests include chemotherapy medication safety and translational research in oncology genomics. Ryan Ednalino, PharmD, is a medication safety clinical pharmacist for Indiana University Health. He oversees medication safety initiatives across the multifacility hospital system. He serves on pharmacy and therapeutics and multiple system medication safety committees. Colin L. Terry, MS, is a biostatistician and serves as program manager for data services at Indiana University Health in Indianapolis, Indiana. He consults and collaborates on a wide variety of research projects and serves on several institutional boards as a lead statistical reviewer.
Abstract:
When administering intermittent secondary intravenous infusions, commonly referred to as intravenous piggyback (IVPB) infusions, residual medication remains in the administration set and bag. No previous studies exist examining the optimal technique to infuse the residual medication. The aims of this study were to identify various IVPB ancillary techniques used to administer medication residing in the secondary administration set and bag following an infusion, evaluate the potential drug loss associated with each technique, and recommend a standard ancillary technique for administration of select small-volume IVPB infusions. Qualitative and quantitative tests were performed, leading to a recommendation for a standard ancillary technique for select small-volume IVPB infusions.
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