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Electrical Stimulation Mapping of the Brain: Basic Principles and Emerging Alternatives.

Anthony L Ritaccio^1,2, Peter Brunner^1,2, Gerwin Schalk^1,2

¹Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, U.S.A.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society

|March 3, 2018

Summary

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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) has a century-long history in neurosurgery but lacks standardization. Emerging noninvasive techniques may complement or replace ESM for brain mapping and network connectivity studies.

Area of Science:

Neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Medical Technology

Background:

Electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) has been used clinically for nearly a century.
Its value in guiding surgical resections and preserving eloquent cortex is supported by limited retrospective studies.
Current ESM protocols are often inherited and lack standardization.

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