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The Use of Gas Chromatography to Analyze Compositional Changes of Fatty Acids in Rat Liver Tissue during Pregnancy
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Characterization of Fatty Acid Profiles in Infants With Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease

Meredith A Baker1, Paul D Mitchell2, Alison A O'Loughlin1

  • 1Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|March 6, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Reduced soybean oil (SO) doses in parenteral nutrition for infants with liver disease altered fatty acid profiles but did not cause essential fatty acid deficiency. These findings impact infant nutrition and liver disease management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Infants with intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) often require parenteral nutrition (PN).
  • Soybean oil-based lipid emulsions (SO) are commonly used in PN but can affect fatty acid profiles (FAPs).
  • Understanding FAPs is crucial for managing IFALD in PN-dependent infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize fatty acid profiles (FAPs) in PN-dependent infants with IFALD.
  • To compare FAPs in infants receiving standard doses (SO-S) versus reduced doses (SO-R) of soybean oil-based lipid emulsions.
  • To assess the impact of different SO doses on essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of prospectively collected data from infants (<1 year old) with IFALD receiving PN with SO.
  • Analysis of serum fatty acid profiles before transitioning to fish oil-based lipid emulsion.
  • Comparison of demographics, anthropometrics, SO dose, duration of SO use, and FAPs between SO-S and SO-R groups.

Main Results:

  • No demographic or anthropometric differences between SO-S (n=14) and SO-R (n=35) groups.
  • SO-R group showed significantly higher Mead acid and lower levels of α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, linoleic, stearic, total ω-3, and total ω-6 fatty acids compared to SO-S group (P < .01).
  • Higher triene:tetraene ratios in the SO-R group (P = .0009), with no patients experiencing biochemical EFAD.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced soybean oil doses in PN for infants with IFALD result in distinct fatty acid profiles compared to standard doses.
  • No infants in either the standard or reduced SO dose group exhibited biochemical essential fatty acid deficiency.
  • These findings suggest careful monitoring of FAPs is warranted when adjusting SO dosage in PN for IFALD.
Abstract

Keywords:
fatty acidsintestinal failure-associated liver diseaseintravenous lipid emulsionlife cyclelipidsnutritionparenteral nutritionpediatricsresearch and diseases

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