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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Organocatalytic Diversity-Oriented Asymmetric Synthesis of Structurally and Stereochemically Complex Heterocycles
Liang Qiao1, Zhong-Wei Duan1, Xiao-Na Wu1
1Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , P. R. China.
Abstract:
An asymmetric organocatalytic direct arylation approach to construct arylated quaternary stereogenic centers with a catalyst loading of 1 mol % is reported. The formation of the hemiketal moiety in stabilizing the hydroquinone intermediate proves to be important in leading to hydroquinone products instead of oxidation quinone products obtained in previously reported methods. A series of structurally and stereochemically complex heterocyclic frameworks are obtained, including spiro-, dispiro-, fused, and bridged heterocycles.
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