C-peptide levels in transient neonatal diabetes

Area of Science:

• Neonatology
• Endocrinology
• Pediatric Diabetes

Background:

• Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare condition characterized by temporary hyperglycemia in newborns.
• Early diagnosis and management are crucial for infant health and development.

Observation:

• A male infant presented with hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and dehydration on the second day of life, without ketonuria.
• C-peptide levels were measured to guide insulin therapy, revealing very low levels (<0.06 nmol/l) for the first five months.

Findings:

• The infant's hyperglycemia and related symptoms resolved, and insulin treatment was discontinued.
• The child exhibited normal growth and development by 2.5 years of age.

Implications:

• This case highlights the transient nature of TNDM and the potential for spontaneous resolution.
• It underscores the importance of monitoring C-peptide levels for appropriate management and discontinuation of insulin therapy in TNDM.