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Related Concept Videos

Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
47.1K
Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Expressing Solution Concentration02:48

Expressing Solution Concentration

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A solute is a component of a solution that is typically present at a much lower concentration than the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
Concentrations may be quantitatively assessed using a wide variety of measurement units, each convenient for particular applications. Molarity (M) is a useful concentration unit for many applications in chemistry.
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Ideal Solutions02:24

Ideal Solutions

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According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
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General Properties of Solutions02:12

General Properties of Solutions

36.1K
Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

38.1K
There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
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Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
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Knee MLI Injuries: Common Problems and Solutions.

Niv Marom1, Joseph J Ruzbarsky1, Naomi Roselaar1

  • 1Sports Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine
|March 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing multiple ligament knee injuries is complex. This review details surgical complications and prevention strategies for knee dislocations, aiding orthopedic surgeons.

Keywords:
Collateral ligamentsComplicationsCruciate ligamentsKnee dislocationMultiple ligament injurySurgical reconstructionSurgical repair

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Multiple ligament knee injuries, including dislocations, pose significant management challenges.
  • Prompt evaluation and treatment are crucial due to potential severe complications.
  • Surgical interventions are common but carry inherent risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and outline potential complications following surgical treatment of multiple ligament injured knees.
  • To discuss preventative measures for these surgical complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on surgical management of multiple ligament knee injuries.
  • Analysis of reported complications and their associated risk factors.
  • Synthesis of evidence-based prevention strategies.

Main Results:

  • Surgical treatment complications include vascular/neurologic issues, venous thromboembolism, arthrofibrosis, and compartment syndrome.
  • Other potential issues encompass wound problems, heterotopic ossification, fractures, avascular necrosis, tunnel malpositioning, and malalignment.
  • Proactive management and surgical technique are key to minimizing these risks.

Conclusions:

  • Careful surgical planning and execution are essential for managing multiple ligament knee injuries.
  • Awareness and prevention of potential complications can improve patient outcomes.
  • Further research into optimizing surgical techniques is warranted.