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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test
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Intergroup Leadership Across Distinct Subgroups and Identities.

David E Rast1, Michael A Hogg2, Daan van Knippenberg3

  • 11 University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|March 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leaders navigating intergroup conflict should promote an intergroup relational identity when identity threat is present. When no threat exists, a collective identity approach is more effective for leadership success.

Keywords:
intergroup relational identityintergroup relationsleadershipsocial identity

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Organizational Behavior
  • Leadership Studies

Background:

  • Intergroup conflict resolution is a critical leadership challenge, yet it is under-researched.
  • Leaders face difficulties managing divisions between distinct subgroups without triggering identity threat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that leader identity strategy effectiveness depends on the presence of intergroup identity threat.
  • To determine if promoting an intergroup relational identity or a collective identity is more effective under varying threat conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies (N = 170, N = 120, N = 136) were conducted.
  • Participants' responses to leaders promoting either an intergroup relational identity or a collective identity were assessed.
  • Study 3 specifically examined the impact on intergroup attitudes during identity distinctiveness threat.

Main Results:

  • Studies 1 and 2 supported the core proposition regarding leader effectiveness based on identity strategy and threat.
  • In the presence of identity threat, leaders promoting an intergroup relational identity were better evaluated and more effective.
  • When no identity threat was present, leaders promoting a collective identity were more effective.

Conclusions:

  • The effectiveness of leadership strategies in intergroup conflict is contingent on the level of identity threat.
  • Promoting an intergroup relational identity is crucial for leaders when subgroups perceive a threat to their distinctiveness.
  • Leaders can improve intergroup attitudes by adopting an intergroup relational identity approach during periods of identity threat.