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Postnatal anxiety prevalence, predictors and effects on development: A narrative review
1University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Fielding Graduate University, United States.
Infant Behavior & Development
|March 16, 2018
Summary
Postnatal anxiety affects mothers and infants, with risk factors including young maternal age and birth complications. Limited research exists on interventions, underscoring the need for more studies on treating maternal anxiety.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Maternal Mental Health
- Perinatal Psychiatry
Background:
- Postnatal anxiety is a growing concern, necessitating a review of current research.
- Understanding risk factors and consequences is crucial for effective screening and intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize recent research on postnatal anxiety.
- To identify demographic, childbirth, social, and psychiatric risk factors.
- To review the effects of postnatal anxiety and available interventions.
Main Methods:
- A narrative literature review was conducted.
- Searches were performed on PubMed and PsycINFO for studies published since 2010.
Main Results:
- Identified demographic factors (young maternal age, education, employment) and childbirth factors (primiparity/multparity, C-section, birth fear, lack of control, low confidence, premature delivery) as risks.
- Social support deficits and prenatal depression/anxiety were also significant risk factors.
- Postnatal anxiety negatively impacts breastfeeding, bonding, mother-infant interaction, infant development, and behavior.
- Only six intervention studies were found, including paternal education, music therapy, infant massage, CBT, and oxytocin.
Conclusions:
- Postnatal anxiety has wide-ranging negative effects on mothers and infants.
- The limited number of intervention studies highlights a significant gap in the literature.
- Further research is urgently needed to develop and evaluate effective interventions for postnatal anxiety.
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