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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Bioavailability Study Design: Single Versus Multiple Dose Studies01:11

Bioavailability Study Design: Single Versus Multiple Dose Studies

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Bioavailability studies are essential for understanding how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body. These studies assess the extent and rate at which the active pharmaceutical agent becomes available at the site of action. The design of bioavailability studies can involve single-dose or multiple-dose regimens, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Single-dose studies are the preferred approach due to their simplicity and reduced drug exposure for...
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Distance Corrections

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To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Beams01:30

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
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X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

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Extended localization and adaptive dose calculation using HU corrected cone beam CT: Phantom study.

K Mohamathu Rafic1, S Amalan1, B S Timothy Peace1

  • 1Department of Radiotherapy, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.

Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy : Journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology
|March 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extended cone beam CT (CBCT) scanning with stitching and Hounsfield unit (HU) correction improves localization accuracy for adaptive radiotherapy. This method enables routine re-planning without repeat planning CT scans, enhancing treatment efficiency.

Keywords:
Adaptive radiotherapyCone beam computed tomographyDose calculationHounsfied unitRegistrationRigid

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiotherapy
  • Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT)

Background:

  • Cone beam CT (CBCT) is crucial for dose calculation in radiotherapy.
  • Standard CBCT scanning length is often insufficient for comprehensive patient localization.
  • Adaptive dose calculation strategies are needed to address anatomical changes during treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore extended tomographic localization using stitched CBCT image sets.
  • To investigate adaptive dose calculation strategies with Hounsfield unit (HU) corrected CBCT.
  • To assess the feasibility of routine adaptive re-planning using enhanced CBCT techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Developed two stitching strategies ('penumbral-overlap' S1 and 'no-overlap' S2) for extended CBCT localization.
  • Implemented a local HU-correction technique using MATLAB scripts.
  • Mapped fluence modulated treatment plans from planning CT (pCT) to stitched CBCT and performed dosimetric analyses (dose profile, 3D-gamma evaluation, DVH comparison).

Main Results:

  • Extended CBCT scanning length by up to 15 cm (S1) and 16 cm (S2).
  • Observed minor variations in delineated structures and beam coordinates (max -1.6% volume change, max 2.7 mm positional difference).
  • Achieved high gamma evaluation pass-rates (≥98.5% for 3%/3 mm and 2%/2 mm criteria), indicating desirable dosimetric accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Developed cone beam tomographic stitching and local HU-correction strategies enhance localization and dose calculation.
  • These strategies facilitate routine adaptive re-planning in radiotherapy.
  • The method circumvents the need for repeated planning CT scans, improving workflow efficiency.