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Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis

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Changing uveitis patterns in South India - Comparison between two decades.

Jyotirmay Biswas¹, Ranju Kharel Sitaula², Priyansha Multani¹

¹Department of Uvea, Medical Research Foundations, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

|March 28, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Uveitis patterns have shifted significantly over two decades, with increased tuberculosis and viral retinitis cases. Male preponderance has declined, while intermediate uveitis is now more common than posterior uveitis.

Keywords:

Changing pattern South India retinitis toxoplasmosis tuberculosis uveitis

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Immunology
Public Health

Background:

Changing patterns of uveitis indicate shifts in ocular health within a population.
Understanding these trends is crucial for effective public health strategies and clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of uveitis cases between 1995 and 2013.
To identify significant changes in uveitis incidence, types, and causes over a two-decade period.

Main Methods:

A comparative study utilizing the two proportions Z-test.
Analysis of 352 new uveitis cases from 2013, compared with historical data from 1995.
Categorization of uveitis by anatomical location (anterior, intermediate, posterior, panuveitis) and etiological factors.

Main Results:

No significant difference in overall uveitis incidence (1.04% vs. 1.8%).
A decline in male preponderance (64% to 56%, P=0.0187) and an increase in human leukocyte antigen-B27 positivity (14.5% to 29.83%, P<0.05).
Intermediate uveitis became more common than posterior uveitis (P=0.0006). Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence significantly increased (0.64% to 22.5%, P<0.0001), becoming the leading cause of posterior uveitis. Viral retinitis also increased (0.76% to 6.81%, P<0.05).

Conclusions:

The study reveals a significant shift in the uveitis paradigm over two decades.
Increased prevalence of infectious causes like tuberculosis and viral retinitis, alongside changes in uveitis classification and demographics, necessitates updated diagnostic and treatment approaches.