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Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Direct Support Professionals.

John M Keesler1

  • 1John M. Keesler, Indiana University.

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
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Summary

Many direct support professionals (DSPs) helping individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have experienced adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). High ACE scores were prevalent, impacting DSP retention and well-being.

Keywords:
adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)direct support professional (DSP) adversityintellectual disabilitytrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Direct support professionals (DSPs) are crucial for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).
  • High turnover rates among DSPs compromise access to essential services for individuals with IDD.
  • Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are understudied in the DSP workforce, despite their known impact on adult well-being and work.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and ACE scores among DSPs.
  • To identify demographic factors associated with higher ACE scores in the DSP population.
  • To explore the implications of ACEs within the context of the DSP workforce supporting individuals with IDD.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey was administered to 386 DSPs working in licensed settings.
  • Data collected included the prevalence of various ACE categories and overall ACE scores.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to compare ACE scores based on demographics like gender and tenure.

Main Results:

  • Seventy-five percent of DSPs reported experiencing at least one ACE.
  • Thirty percent of DSPs had an ACE score of four or more, a higher prevalence than observed in general population studies.
  • DSPs identifying as female and those with less than one year of experience had significantly higher ACE scores.

Conclusions:

  • Adverse childhood experiences are highly prevalent among direct support professionals.
  • Higher ACE scores in certain DSP demographics may contribute to workforce instability and impact service quality for individuals with IDD.
  • Further research and support strategies addressing ACEs in DSPs are warranted to improve workforce retention and the well-being of those served.