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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Respirometric Oxidative Phosphorylation Assessment in Saponin-permeabilized Cardiac Fibers
Published on: February 28, 2011
New dammarane triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus
Yi-Rui Wang1, Bao-Song Cui1, Shao-Wei Han1
1a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China.
Abstract:
Three new dammarane triterpenoid saponins, cyclocariosides O-Q (1-3), were isolated from the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.
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Leaving Groups
In general, in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, a nucleophile displaces a functional group, called the leaving group, from the substrate to give a substituted product. A leaving group departs the substrate molecule through heterolytic cleavage, taking the pair of electrons with it to become a relatively stable weak base in the form of an anion or a neutral molecule.
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