Jaw bones regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells. A single-center experience

Area of Science:

• Regenerative Medicine
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells crucial for tissue engineering and regeneration.
• Previous studies have demonstrated successful generation of new maxillary bone using MSCs.
• Benign maxillary lesions can result in bone defects requiring effective regenerative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone regeneration procedures for patients with benign maxillary lesions.
• To assess the role of autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs in repairing maxillary bone defects.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of five patients with maxillary bone defects from benign lesion biopsies were treated using autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs.
• Bone mineral density was measured using the Hounsfield scale before and after treatment.
• Computed tomography scans of the maxilla were performed at six months post-treatment for evaluation.

Main Results:

• The study included five patients who underwent biopsy for osteolytic odontogenic benign tumors.
• No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported.
• The mean volume of newly formed bone was 2.44 cm³ (range 2.0-3.1 cm³), with a mean bone density of 1137 Hounsfield Units (range 898-1355 HU).

Conclusions:

• Bone regeneration utilizing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from autologous bone marrow is a viable therapeutic option for maxillary bone defects.
• The findings support MSCs as a promising resource for tissue regeneration in the maxillofacial region.