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Metformin-Induced Lactic Acidosis: A Case Study.

Waliul Chowdhury1, Muhammad Uzair Lodhi1, Intekhab Askari Syed1

  • 1Medical Student, Department of Medicine, Raleigh General Hospital, Beckley, Wv.

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|April 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metformin is a common Type 2 diabetes drug. High doses can cause lactic acidosis, a rare but severe side effect. Measuring metformin levels is crucial for diagnosis in suspected cases.

Keywords:
lactic acidosismetforminmetformin overdose

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Metformin is a primary treatment for Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Metformin-induced lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but serious adverse effect associated with high metformin doses.
  • The precise metformin concentration threshold for inducing lactic acidosis remains unclear.

Observation:

  • A case report details a 40-year-old Caucasian male presenting with severe lactic acidosis.
  • The patient had recently overdosed on metformin.
  • This case highlights a severe MALA event following metformin overdose.

Findings:

  • The study emphasizes the importance of measuring metformin levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes who present with suspected lactic acidosis.
  • The findings underscore the potential for severe lactic acidosis even in cases where MALA is infrequently reported.
  • The threshold for metformin concentration causing lactic acidosis requires further investigation.

Implications:

  • Physicians should consider measuring metformin levels in Type 2 diabetes patients presenting with lactic acidosis symptoms.
  • Early detection and intervention for MALA can be improved by therapeutic drug monitoring.
  • This case contributes to understanding the risks associated with metformin overdose and the clinical presentation of MALA.