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Human Ductus Venosus Velocity Profiles in the First Trimester
Paul R Leinan1, Torvid Kiserud2,3, Leif R Hellevik4
1Biomechanics Division, Department of Structural Engineering, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway. paul.leinan@ntnu.no.
Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
|April 12, 2018
Summary
Mathematical modeling of fetal ductus venosus (DV) blood flow reveals complex velocity patterns. Findings challenge current clinical interpretations of DV flow dynamics in early pregnancy.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Fetal Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Fluid dynamics in the fetal ductus venosus (DV) during early pregnancy are poorly understood.
- This limits accurate interpretation of temporal and spatial velocity variations.
- A robust method for non-invasive blood flow estimation in the DV is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe spatial and temporal velocity distribution at the DV bifurcation using a mathematical model.
- To investigate velocity profiles in the DV inlet region for fetuses at 11-13 weeks gestation.
- To assess the feasibility of non-invasive volumetric flow rate assessment via velocity profile shape coefficients.
Main Methods:
- Development of a mathematical model simulating fluid dynamics in the ductus venosus.
- Simulation of boundary conditions typical for fetuses at 11-13 weeks gestation.
- Analysis of velocity profiles and shape factors during the cardiac cycle.
Main Results:
- The model predicted a near-parabolic velocity profile in the DV inlet, with a shape factor of 0.53.
- Simulations showed transient, simultaneous positive and negative velocities during atrial contraction (A-wave).
- Observed Womersley-like velocity profiles challenge previous clinical interpretations.
Conclusions:
- The study provides insights into early fetal ductus venosus hemodynamics.
- Findings suggest current clinical interpretations of DV velocity measurements may be inaccurate.
- This research aids in developing more robust non-invasive methods for fetal assessment.
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