Levels of Hemolysis Markers in Erythrocyte Concentrates Administered Using a Syringe Infusion Pump
Fernanda Figueiredo Gannam1, Aline Santa Cruz Belela-Anacleto, Denise Miyuki Kusahara
1Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Ms Figueiredo Gannam and Drs Belela-Anacleto, Kusahara, and Pedreira). Fernanda Figueiredo Gannam, RN, is a postgraduate student at the Federal University of São Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil, where she is pursuing a master's degree in nursing and is a member of the research group on nursing in patient safety, pediatric intensive care, and intravenous and drug therapy. Aline Santa Cruz Belela-Anacleto, PhD, RN, is an adjunct professor in the school of nursing at the Federal University of São Paulo and is a researcher in the research group on nursing in patient safety, pediatric intensive care, and intravenous and drug therapy. Denise Miyuki Kusahara, PhD, RN, is an adjunct professor in the school of nursing at the Federal University of São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem. She is also a researcher in the research group on nursing in patient safety, pediatric intensive care, and intravenous and drug therapy. Mavilde Gonçalves Pedreira, PhD, RN, is an associate professor in the Federal University of São Paulo's school of nursing. She also coordinates the clinical, surgical, and critical care academic areas in the pediatric nursing department at the university's Escola Paulista de Enfermagem. Dr Pedreira's research experience has been in the areas of nursing interventions, pediatric critical care, intravenous therapy, and patient safety. She also leads the research group on nursing in patient safety, pediatric intensive care, and intravenous and drug therapy.
Abstract:
Syringe infusion pumps (SIPs) led to major advances in infusion therapy and were gradually applied to the transfusion of packed red blood cells (RBCs), raising questions about possible cell damage. The objectives of this study were to determine levels of hematocrit (%), total hemoglobin (g/dL), free hemoglobin (g/dL), lactate dehydrogenase (units/L), potassium (mmol/L), the degree of hemolysis (%) of RBCs infused by an SIP, and to investigate the influence of the infusion rate. The experimental study comprised 14 RBCs, 3 SIPs, and infusion rates of 5, 10, and 20 mL/h. The results showed total hemoglobin reduction (P = .003), and increased free hemoglobin and hemolysis (P <.001) were identified. The conclusion reached was that RBCs presented changes in free hemoglobin and degree of hemolysis.
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