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Transient monocular blindness: Vascular causes and differential diagnoses.
1Fondation ophtalmologique Adolphe-de-Rothschild, 25, rue Manin, 75019 Paris, France; Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
|April 21, 2018
Summary
Transient monocular blindness, a temporary vision loss in one eye, often stems from carotid artery issues. Prompt management is crucial to prevent serious stroke events.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Ophthalmology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Transient monocular blindness (TMB) involves acute, temporary vision loss in one eye, typically lasting under an hour.
- It is frequently caused by retinal ischemia due to carotid artery embolism.
- Other potential causes include thrombosis (e.g., giant cell arteritis), hemodynamic issues from carotid stenosis, and vasospasm.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define transient monocular blindness and its underlying mechanisms.
- To emphasize the critical link between TMB and cerebrovascular events.
- To advocate for TMB management mirroring that of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in the brain.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on transient monocular blindness.
- Analysis of etiological factors contributing to TMB.
- Comparison of TMB and brain TIAs in terms of pathophysiology and management.
Main Results:
- Carotid embolism is the most common cause of TMB.
- TMB is recognized as a TIA originating in the carotid arteries.
- The underlying mechanisms are diverse, involving embolism, thrombosis, hemodynamic compromise, or vasospasm.
Conclusions:
- Transient monocular blindness is a significant warning sign for impending stroke.
- Management strategies for TMB should align with those for cerebral TIAs.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are vital for stroke prevention in TMB patients.
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