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Spectrum of urinary stone composition in Northwestern Rajasthan using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Amilal Bhat1, Vikash Singh1, Mahakshit Bhat2
1Department of Urology, Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Summary
Calcium oxalate is the most common urinary stone composition in Northwestern Rajasthan across all age groups. The prevalence of calcium oxalate stones increases with age, while struvite, uric acid, and cystine stones decrease.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Biochemistry
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Urinary stones (urolithiasis) pose a significant health challenge.
- Understanding stone composition is crucial for effective treatment and prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the chemical composition of urinary stones in Northwestern Rajasthan.
- To investigate age-related changes in urinary stone composition.
Main Methods:
- Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze 1005 urinary stones.
- Patients were categorized into three age groups: 8-12 years, 13-18 years, and >18 years.
Main Results:
- Calcium oxalate was the predominant composition (91.54%), with mixed stones being more common (74.83%).
- The proportion of calcium oxalate stones increased with age, while struvite, uric acid, and cystine stones decreased.
- Pediatric patients (8-12 years) showed a higher prevalence of struvite, calcium phosphate, and uric acid stones.
Conclusions:
- Calcium oxalate is the leading urinary stone composition in all age demographics in Northwestern Rajasthan.
- Mixed urinary stones are more prevalent than pure stones.
- Age is a significant factor influencing the chemical composition of urinary stones, with a shift towards calcium oxalate in older individuals.
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