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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Types of Hormones02:13

Types of Hormones

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Hormones can be classified into three main types based on their chemical structures: steroids, peptides, and amines. Their actions are mediated by the specific receptors they bind to on target cells.
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Types of Hormones01:21

Types of Hormones

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Hormones are classified into four main groups: steroids, eicosanoids, amino acid-based derivatives, and peptide hormones.
Steroids and eicosanoids fall under the category of lipid-soluble hormones. Steroids are derived from cholesterol and feature four interconnected carbon rings with variable side chains. Notable examples include estradiol from ovaries and testosterone from testes, exemplifying the critical roles of these lipid-soluble hormones in reproductive physiology. Eicosanoids, derived...
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Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

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Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
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Plant Hormones01:56

Plant Hormones

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Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Establishment of Rat Models Mimicking Gender-affirming Hormone Therapies
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MENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPY BENEFITS AND DIFFERENT FORMS.

Ranko M Kutlesic, Jasmina Popovic, Milan Stefanovic

    Medicinski Pregled
    |April 26, 2018
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    Menopausal hormone therapy can significantly improve women's quality of life during perimenopause by addressing symptoms and health risks. Treatment should be personalized regarding type, dosage, and duration for optimal outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Endocrinology
    • Women's Health
    • Menopause Management

    Background:

    • Declining ovarian hormone production negatively impacts women's quality of life.
    • Associated health risks include cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis.
    • Menopause leads to physical and emotional disturbances.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the benefits of Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT).
    • To outline various forms of MHT available.
    • To provide guidance on initiating, monitoring, and discontinuing MHT.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review on Menopausal Hormone Therapy.
    • Analysis of different MHT formulations and treatment strategies.
    • Discussion of individualized treatment approaches.

    Main Results:

    • Menopausal Hormone Therapy effectively ameliorates atrophic symptoms and vasomotor problems.
    • It protects against osteoporosis and maintains skin/connective tissue health.
    • MHT can improve libido, mood, and depression during menopausal transition.

    Conclusions:

    • Menopausal Hormone Therapy improves quality of life during perimenopause.
    • Individualized approach to therapy type, dosage, and duration is crucial.
    • Annual reevaluation and risk discussion are essential for safe and effective treatment.