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All-optical tunable power splitter based on a surface plasmonic two-mode interference waveguide.

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    This study presents a novel surface plasmonic two-mode interference (SPTMI) coupler for optical power splitting. It offers tunable ratios and a significantly shorter coupling length, enabling compact integrated circuits.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optoelectronics
    • Integrated Optics

    Background:

    • Optical power splitters are crucial components in photonic integrated circuits.
    • Existing devices often face limitations in tunability, size, and fabrication tolerance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel surface plasmonic two-mode interference (SPTMI) coupler for optical power splitting.
    • To demonstrate tunable power splitting ratios and enhanced compactness.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of an SPTMI coupler with a silicon core and GaAsInP/silver cladding.
    • Modulation of GaAsInP cladding refractive index using optical pulse power for tunability.
    • Characterization of splitting ratios and coupling length.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a wide tunability in splitting ratios, from 50:50 to 1:99.
    • Demonstrated a coupling length approximately 11.5 times shorter than previous holographic splitters.
    • The device exhibits high fabrication tolerance.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed SPTMI coupler offers efficient and tunable optical power splitting.
    • Its compactness and fabrication tolerance make it suitable for large-scale integrated circuits.
    • This technology advances the development of next-generation photonic devices.