[Visualization and Quantitative Analysis of the Blood Flow Fields in Aortic Arch by Vector Flow Mapping in Normal...

To visualize and quantify the hemodynamics in the aortic arch in normal individuals,we used velocity distribution,retrograde flow,vortex formation,and mean energy loss(mEL)at different cardiac cycles in our study.We performed Vector flow mapping(VFM)analysis by using echocardiography in 87 healthy volunteers.The results showed that1 in different sections of the aortic arch,a skewed peak flow velocity(Vp)always appeared in the period of rapid ejection but in different distribution.The systolic flow in the entire aortic arch rose rapidly from near-zero at the point of iso-volumetric contraction to the peak velocity at the period of rapid ejection,and then decreased gradually;2In the period of iso-volumetric relaxation,retrograde flow and vortex were observed in all subjects in the inner wall of the entire aortic arch;and3 The change rule of mEL in the entire aortic arch was similar to that of flow velocity.VFM can provide insights into the intra-aortic arch flow patterns,and offer essential fundamentals about flow features associated with common aortic diseases.