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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
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Continuous-wave whispering-gallery optical parametric oscillator based on CdSiP2.

Yuechen Jia, Kevin Hanka, Kevin T Zawilski

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) using cadmium silicon phosphide whispering gallery resonators. These devices offer tunable mid-infrared emission with low thresholds and high efficiency, promising for spectroscopy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • Continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are crucial for applications requiring tunable, narrow-linewidth coherent light sources.
    • Whispering gallery resonators (WGRs) offer high-Q factors and small mode volumes, beneficial for enhancing parametric processes.
    • Cadmium silicon phosphide (CdSiP2) is explored as a novel material for nonlinear optical devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the first continuous-wave (cw) OPOs utilizing a millimeter-sized whispering gallery resonator (WGR) made of cadmium silicon phosphide (CdSiP2).
    • To investigate the performance characteristics, including wavelength tunability, oscillation thresholds, and power conversion efficiency, of these novel CdSiP2-based cw OPOs.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a millimeter-sized WGR from cadmium silicon phosphide (CdSiP2).
    • Pumping the WGR with a compact laser diode operating at a 1.57-μm wavelength.
    • Characterization of the OPO output, including spectral range, oscillation thresholds, power conversion efficiency, and resonator quality factor.

    Main Results:

    • Successful demonstration of cw OPOs based on CdSiP2 WGRs.
    • Achieved wavelength tunability spanning from 2.3 μm to 5.1 μm.
    • Observed milliwatt-range oscillation thresholds and a maximum total power conversion efficiency exceeding 15%.
    • Measured an intrinsic quality factor of 3.5 × 10^6 at 1.57 μm.

    Conclusions:

    • CdSiP2 is a highly promising material for developing efficient mid-infrared parametric devices.
    • CdSiP2 WGRs enable compact and high-performance cw OPOs.
    • These findings pave the way for advanced spectroscopic and photonic applications.