Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026
10:05
Testing the Efficacy of Pharmacological Agents in a Pericardial Target Delivery Model in the Swine
Published on: July 7, 2016
8.9K
Crystal Engineering: Upcoming Paradigm for Efficacious Pulmonary Drug Delivery
Preshita P Desai1, Sanyat S Mapara2, Vandana B Patravale2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
|May 19, 2018
Summary
Crystal engineering optimizes particles for advanced pulmonary drug delivery systems. This review details crystal engineering methods crucial for enhancing inhalation efficacy and drug deposition in the respiratory tract.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
Background:
- Pulmonary drug delivery has evolved from local treatment to systemic applications.
- Particle properties are critical for inhalation efficacy, deposition, and performance.
- Particle engineering, particularly crystal engineering, is key to designing effective pulmonary delivery systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review crystal engineering approaches for pulmonary drug delivery.
- To understand the role of crystal engineering in optimizing pulmonary particles.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature survey on crystal engineering for pulmonary drug delivery.
- Meticulous study and summarization of collected data.
Main Results:
- Discussion of the pulmonary system, drug deposition sites, and clearance mechanisms.
- In-depth analysis of critical crystal parameters and engineering methods for pulmonary delivery.
- Overview of inhalation devices and their performance with crystal-based formulations.
Conclusions:
- Crystal engineering offers significant potential for designing advanced pulmonary drug delivery systems.
- Optimizing particles at morphological, physicochemical, and molecular levels is essential for pulmonary delivery efficacy.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Drug Delivery: Overview
903
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
903
01:18Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
1.9K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
1.9K
01:29Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
1.8K
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
1.8K
01:22Drug Excretion: Pulmonary and Glandular Routes
741
Gaseous substances like general anesthetics are absorbed and excreted through the lungs via simple diffusion. This process depends on factors such as pulmonary blood flow, respiration rate, and the substance's solubility. Gaseous anesthetics like nitrous oxide with low blood solubility are excreted rapidly, while compounds like alcohol, with high blood and tissue solubility, are excreted slowly.
Drugs can also be excreted in breast milk, which is crucial for breastfeeding infants. The...
Drugs can also be excreted in breast milk, which is crucial for breastfeeding infants. The...
741
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
837
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
837
02:42Ionic Crystal Structures
17.5K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.5K