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Cognitive bias modification for inferential style.

Noa Avirbach1, Baruch Perlman1, Nilly Mor1

  • 1a School of Education , the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem , Israel.

Cognition & Emotion
|May 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that training a negative inferential style reduces hope, mood, and self-esteem after failure. Modifying cognitive biases can impact emotional well-being and depressive symptoms.

Keywords:
Inferential stylecognitive bias modificationdepressionself-esteem

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Inferential style, the way individuals explain events, is linked to emotional states.
  • Cognitive bias modification (CBM) techniques aim to alter maladaptive thinking patterns.
  • Understanding the causal role of inferential style in depression is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a cognitive bias modification procedure targeting inferential style.
  • To investigate the effects of training negative versus positive inferential styles on hope, mood, and self-esteem.
  • To examine the mediating role of inferential style in the relationship between training and emotional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a cognitive bias modification procedure to train either negative or positive inferential styles.
  • Random assignment of participants to either a negative or a positive inferential style training condition.
  • Assessment of participants' inferences following a failure on a cognitive challenge, and their levels of hope, mood, and self-esteem.

Main Results:

  • Participants' inferences for failure were congruent with their assigned training condition (negative or positive inferential style).
  • The negative inferential style training group reported significantly less hope and exhibited lower mood and self-esteem compared to the positive training group after failure.
  • The training's impact on mood and self-esteem was mediated by participants' inferences about their failure.

Conclusions:

  • Training inferential style can causally influence hope, mood, and self-esteem.
  • Inferential style plays a significant role in the development and maintenance of depressed affect.
  • Cognitive bias modification targeting inferential style shows promise as an intervention for improving emotional well-being.