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What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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Differential Gene Expression in Prostate Tissue According to Ejaculation Frequency.

Jennifer A Sinnott1, Katherine Brumberg2, Kathryn M Wilson3

  • 1Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

European Urology
|May 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher ejaculation frequency (EF) in men is linked to reduced prostate cancer risk. Gene expression analysis in normal prostate tissue revealed molecular changes associated with EF, suggesting a biological connection to prostate cancer development.

Keywords:
Gene expression profilingProstate cancerSexual activity

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Previous research indicates a correlation between higher ejaculation frequency (EF) and a reduced risk of prostate cancer.
  • The underlying biological mechanisms linking EF to prostate cancer risk remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular alterations in prostate tissue related to ejaculation frequency.
  • To identify potential biological pathways connecting EF to prostate cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of whole transcriptome gene expression in prostate tissue (tumor and adjacent normal) from men with varying EF levels.
  • Correlation of gene expression patterns with self-reported EF at different adult age periods and the year prior to diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • No significant associations were found between EF and gene expression in tumor tissues after multiple testing adjustments.
  • In adjacent normal prostate tissue, 409 genes and six pathways showed differential expression based on EF in the year prior to diagnosis (False Discovery Rate ≤0.2).

Conclusions:

  • Ejaculation appears to influence gene expression in normal prostate tissue.
  • The identified differentially expressed genes and pathways offer potential molecular mechanisms linking EF to prostate cancer risk.