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The Effect of Nitrate Supplementation on Exercise Tolerance and Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Gavin P Van De Walle1, Matthew D Vukovich
1Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota.
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|May 23, 2018
Summary
Nitrate supplementation significantly improves exercise tolerance but not performance in healthy individuals. Further research is needed to optimize dosage and understand its effects on different exercise types.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Nutritional Biochemistry
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Dietary nitrate is a precursor to nitric oxide, a molecule involved in vasodilation and muscle function.
- Supplementation with inorganic nitrate has gained attention for its potential ergogenic effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of nitrate supplementation on exercise tolerance and performance.
- To evaluate the impact of inorganic nitrate consumption compared to placebo in healthy individuals.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of 29 peer-reviewed experimental trials.
- Inclusion criteria: English peer-reviewed journals, nitrate vs. placebo, quantifiable performance measures, healthy participants.
- Outcome variables: time to exhaustion (tolerance) and time to complete a specific distance (performance).
Main Results:
- Nitrate supplementation significantly improved exercise tolerance (time to exhaustion) compared to placebo (ES = 0.28, p = 0.006).
- No significant effect of nitrate supplementation on exercise performance (time to complete a specific distance) was observed (ES = -0.05, p = 0.64).
Conclusions:
- Nitrate supplementation likely enhances exercise tolerance and capacity, with potential indirect benefits to performance.
- Optimal dosage, duration, and consideration of exercise type, intensity, and duration are crucial for future research.
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