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Cas9 versus Cas12a/Cpf1: Structure-function comparisons and implications for genome editing
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|May 24, 2018
Summary
CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a are powerful genome editing tools. This study compares their distinct structures and mechanisms, guiding the choice between Cas9 and Cas12a for specific gene editing applications.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a are programmable nucleases used for genome editing and gene regulation.
- Cas9 is widely used, but Cas12a (formerly Cpf1) is an emerging alternative with distinct properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the structural and mechanistic differences between Cas9 and Cas12a.
- To discuss how these differences influence their activity and applications in genome editing.
- To review recent uses of Cas12a as a genome editing tool.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of structural and mechanistic features of Cas9 and Cas12a.
- Literature review of recent studies utilizing Cas12a for genome editing.
Main Results:
- Cas9 and Cas12a possess different evolutionary origins, structures, and molecular mechanisms.
- These distinctions impact their nuclease activity and suitability for specific genome editing tasks.
- Cas12a offers a viable alternative to Cas9, with unique advantages for certain applications.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the distinct features of Cas9 and Cas12a is crucial for selecting the optimal nuclease for genome editing.
- Cas12a presents a promising tool for diverse gene editing applications.
- Further research into Cas12a will expand its utility in molecular biology and biotechnology.
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