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This study introduces an easy-to-use surface acoustic wave (SAW) platform for dynamic cell cultures. The SAW-induced fluid streaming significantly enhanced cell proliferation without increasing cell death or altering morphology.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Advanced cell culture systems aim to mimic in vivo conditions for better cell survival and development.
  • Existing dynamic cell culture systems often face challenges with replication and usability.
  • Surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology offers potential for novel cell manipulation platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an easy-to-use, dynamic cell culture platform based on surface acoustic waves (SAWs).
  • To investigate the effects of SAW-induced acoustic streaming on cell proliferation, viability, and morphology.
  • To demonstrate the compatibility of SAW technology with standard cell culture equipment.

Main Methods:

  • A SAW chip with gold interdigital transducers (IDTs) on a lithium niobate (LN) substrate was coupled to a standard Petri dish using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) disc.
  • SAW excitation was verified using laser Doppler vibrometry.
  • Fluid dynamics were studied using microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV), and heating was monitored with an infrared (IR) thermal camera.
  • The U-937 monocyte cell line was used to assess viability, proliferation, and morphology under SAW stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Significant fluid recirculation was induced within the Petri dish with negligible heating.
  • Cell proliferation was enhanced by 36 ± 12% compared to static cultures.
  • No increase in cell death or alteration in cell morphology was observed in the presence of SAWs.

Conclusions:

  • SAW-induced acoustic streaming can mechanically enhance cell proliferation in cell cultures.
  • The presented SAW platform is versatile, biocompatible, and compatible with standard laboratory equipment.
  • This work highlights the potential of SAW technology for advanced cell manipulation and culture applications.