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Hydrogen Sulfide in Physiological and Pathological Mechanisms in Brain
1Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets
|June 6, 2018
Summary
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), once known as toxic, is now recognized as a vital neuromodulator in the brain. Research highlights its neuroprotective potential in conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized as the third endogenous gasotransmitter, alongside nitric oxide and carbon monoxide.
- Historically viewed as toxic, H2S is now understood to play critical roles in brain physiology and pathology.
- Endogenous H2S levels and the trans-sulfuration pathway are implicated in neurodegenerative disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the involvement of H2S in neurodegenerative diseases.
- To explore the molecular targets of H2S in the brain.
- To discuss the therapeutic potential of H2S-releasing pharmaceuticals for neurological disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on H2S in neurobiology.
- Analysis of H2S's role in long-term potentiation (LTP) and calcium homeostasis.
- Examination of H2S's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.
Main Results:
- H2S modulates memory and cognition by regulating LTP and neuronal calcium homeostasis.
- Disturbances in H2S pathways are linked to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and traumatic brain injury.
- H2S exhibits significant neuroprotective effects.
Conclusions:
- H2S acts as a neuromodulator with potent neuroprotective capabilities.
- There is growing interest in developing H2S-releasing drugs for neurological conditions.
- H2S presents a promising therapeutic avenue for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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