Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –&NoBreak;CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO₂, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO₂R, –COR, –CO₂H

All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Management and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Ventricular Arrhythmias.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026

Same author

Umbrella-like systolic billowing of redundant mitral leaflets on left ventriculography in barlow mitral valve disease.

European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice·2026

Same author

An Unusual Angiographic Pattern of the Right Coronary Artery: Recognizing Woven Coronary Anomaly.

JACC. Case reports·2026

Same author

Intra-atrial Course of the Right Coronary Artery: A Report of a Rare Case.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Beyond the Usual Suspects: A Narrative Review of High-Yield Non-Traditional Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026

Same author

Intravascular Lithotripsy of Negatively Remodeled Calcified Abdominal Aorta to Facilitate Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

JACC. Case reports·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Published on: November 11, 2011

Cor triatriatum dexter.

Dominika Zoltowska¹, Jagadeesh K Kalavakunta²

¹Department of Internal Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine 300 Portage Street Kalamazoo 49007 Michigan.

Clinical Case Reports

|June 9, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) is a rare heart condition caused by the persistent right valve of the sinus venosus. Echocardiography with color Doppler is key for diagnosing this rare anomaly.

Keywords:

Arrhythmia cardiovascular disease echocardiography embryology

More Related Videos

The Vermicelli and Capellini Handling Tests: Simple quantitative measures of dexterous forepaw function in rats and mice

The Vermicelli and Capellini Handling Tests: Simple quantitative measures of dexterous forepaw function in rats and mice

Published on: July 21, 2010

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Published on: May 8, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Published on: November 11, 2011

The Vermicelli and Capellini Handling Tests: Simple quantitative measures of dexterous forepaw function in rats and mice

The Vermicelli and Capellini Handling Tests: Simple quantitative measures of dexterous forepaw function in rats and mice

Published on: July 21, 2010

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Published on: May 8, 2014

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Congenital Heart Disease
Cardiac Anatomy

Background:

Cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) is an exceptionally rare congenital heart anomaly, occurring in less than 0.01% of the population.
This condition arises from the incomplete regression of the right valve of the sinus venosus during embryonic development.
CTD results in an anomalous septum dividing the right atrium, impacting blood flow dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the rarity and embryological origin of Cor triatriatum dexter.
To emphasize the diagnostic utility of echocardiography in identifying CTD.
To discuss the implications for clinical decision-making in patients with this anomaly.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature and case reports on Cor triatriatum dexter.
Emphasis on the role of echocardiography, particularly with color Doppler, in anatomical assessment.
Discussion of diagnostic criteria and imaging findings associated with CTD.

Main Results:

Cor triatriatum dexter is confirmed as an extremely rare cardiac malformation.
Echocardiography with color Doppler demonstrates high efficacy in visualizing the anomalous septation within the right atrium.
The findings underscore the importance of recognizing this anomaly for appropriate management.

Conclusions:

Cor triatriatum dexter is a rare congenital anomaly with specific embryological underpinnings.
Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic modality for CTD, providing essential anatomical and functional information.
Accurate diagnosis via echocardiography is crucial for guiding clinical management and surgical considerations.