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Related Concept Videos

Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

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Consider the adiabatic compression of an ideal gas in the cylinder of an automobile diesel engine. The gasoline vapor is injected into the cylinder of an automobile engine when the piston is in its expanded position. The temperature, pressure, and volume of the resulting gas-air mixture are 20 °C, 1.00 x 105 N/m2, and 240 cm3 , respectively. The mixture is then compressed adiabatically to a volume of 40 cm3. Note that, in the actual operation of an automobile engine, the compression is not...
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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps01:30

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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
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ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

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The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
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When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically, that is, without adding heat, work is done on it, and its temperature increases. In an adiabatic expansion, the gas does work, and its temperature drops. Adiabatic compressions actually occur in the cylinders of a car, where the compressions of the gas-air mixture take place so quickly that there is no time for the mixture to exchange heat with its environment. Nevertheless, because work is done on the mixture during the compression, its...
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Universal Quantum Noise in Adiabatic Pumping.

Yaroslav Herasymenko1, Kyrylo Snizhko2, Yuval Gefen2

  • 1Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, CA NL-2333, Netherlands.

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|June 16, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied charge pumping in fractional quantum Hall systems, finding that current noise becomes robust and universal in the adiabatic limit. This universal Fano factor relates to topological degeneracy and quasiparticle charge, also applying to Majorana fermions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Topological quantum matter

Background:

  • Fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states host exotic quasiparticles with fractional charge.
  • Charge pumping protocols are crucial for understanding quantum transport and topological properties.
  • Parafermions and Majorana fermions are key excitations in topological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate charge pumping in parafermionic systems at FQH edges.
  • Analyze the behavior of pumped current and its noise characteristics.
  • Explore the universality of counting statistics in the adiabatic limit.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of charge pumping protocols.
  • Analysis of current noise and counting statistics.
  • Application of concepts from topological degeneracy and quasiparticle charge.

Main Results:

  • Charge pumping protocols exhibit noisy current behavior.
  • In the adiabatic limit, noise persists, and counting statistics become robust and universal.
  • The Fano factor is determined by topological degeneracy and pumped quasiparticle charge.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals universal features in charge pumping of parafermionic systems.
  • Results offer insights into topological properties and quantum transport.
  • The findings are extendable to Majorana fermion systems.