Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Velocity and Acceleration of a Wave

Velocity and Acceleration of a Wave

A wave propagates through a medium with a constant speed, known as a wave velocity. It is different from the speed of the particles of the medium, which is not constant. In addition, the velocity of the medium is perpendicular to the velocity of the wave. The variable speed of the particles of the medium implies that there must be acceleration associated with it.
The velocity of the particles can be obtained by taking the partial derivative of the position equation with respect to time....

Ionization Energy

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state is called its first ionization energy (IE1). The first ionization energy for an element, X, is the energy required to form a cation with 1+ charge:

Moment of Inertia about an Arbitrary Axis

Moment of Inertia about an Arbitrary Axis

The moment of inertia is typically associated with principal axes, but it can also be computed for any random axis. When an arbitrary axis is under consideration, the moment of inertia is determined by integrating the mass distribution of the object along that specific axis. It is crucial in applications like the design of machinery, where components rotate about various axes, and balance and stability are essential.
In this scenario, the perpendicular distance between the chosen arbitrary axis...

Angular Momentum about an Arbitrary Axis

Angular Momentum about an Arbitrary Axis

Imagine a rigid body with a mass denoted as 'm', which has its center of mass at point G and is rotating around an inertial reference frame. The angular momentum at an arbitrary point P can be calculated by taking the cross product of the position vector and linear momentum vector for each individual mass element.
The velocity of a mass element comprises its translational velocity and the relative velocity instigated by the body's rotation. Substituting the velocity equation into...

The Wave Nature of Light

The Wave Nature of Light

The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.

Average Velocity

Average Velocity

To calculate the other physical quantities in kinematics, we must introduce the time variable. The time variable allows us not only to state the position of the object during its motion, but also how fast it is moving. The speed at which an object is moving is given by the rate at which the position changes with time. For each position xi, we assign a particular time ti. If the details of the motion at each instant are not important, the rate is usually expressed as the average velocity. This...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Feature issue introduction: laser driven inertial confinement fusion and bridging the gaps to inertial fusion energy systems.

Optics express·2026

Same author

Thomson Scattering with Gain.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Enhancements in Laser-Direct-Drive Nuclear Performance with Target Radius.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Rapidly tunable ultrabroadband flying focus using adaptive optics and an axiparabola.

Optics letters·2026

Same author

Interventions to Promote Functional Capacity of Australian Children and Adolescents With Hereditary or Congenital Cognitive Disabilities: A Scoping Review.

Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID·2025

Same author

Influence of plasma screening on high-density inverse bremsstrahlung absorption.

Physical review. E·2025

Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026

Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice

Published on: February 14, 2017

Ionization Waves of Arbitrary Velocity.

D Turnbull¹, P Franke^1,2, J Katz^1,3

¹University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 E River Rd., Rochester, New York 14623, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|June 16, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Flying focus technique enables ionization waves to propagate at any velocity. This method overcomes plasma channel limitations by controlling ionization front direction and speed, enabling new applications in laser-plasma interactions.

More Related Videos

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Published on: February 7, 2014

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice

Ultrasound-based Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation in Mice

Published on: February 14, 2017

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Published on: February 7, 2014

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness

Published on: May 3, 2018

Area of Science:

Physics
Plasma Physics
Optics

Background:

Flying focus technique utilizes chirped laser beams and chromatic lenses.
High laser intensity can ionize background gases, creating ionization waves.
Ionization-induced refraction typically limits plasma channel formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate ionization waves with arbitrary propagation velocities.
To investigate the control of ionization front direction and speed.
To mitigate issues hindering long plasma channel formation.

Main Methods:

Employing a chirped laser beam focused by a chromatic lens.
Generating an extended focal region for controlled intensity propagation.
Producing subluminal and superluminal ionization fronts.

Main Results:

Demonstrated ionization waves propagating at arbitrary velocities.
Achieved forward and backward propagation of ionization fronts.
Mitigated ionization-induced refraction in backward and superluminal cases.

Conclusions:

Flying focus enables precise control over ionization wave propagation.
Arbitrary velocity ionization waves overcome limitations of previous methods.
This technique facilitates the formation of long, contiguous plasma channels.