[Host-microbiota crosstalk and cardiovascular diseases].

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Cardiovascular Science
• Nutrition Science

Background:

• Microbiota-host crosstalk involves the gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, and bacterial translocation.
• This crosstalk is implicated in regulating blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and atherosclerosis development.
• Human studies link microbiota-host interactions to cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the role of microbiota-host crosstalk in cardiovascular health.
• To investigate the association between gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases.
• To evaluate the impact of the Mediterranean diet on gut microbiota and cardiovascular prognosis.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of experimental data on microbiota-host interactions.
• Review of human epidemiological studies linking microbiota to cardiovascular risk factors.
• Assessment of the Mediterranean diet's effects on gut microbiota composition.

Main Results:

• Experimental data confirm microbiota-host crosstalk's causal role in blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and atherosclerosis.
• Human associations show links between microbiota-host crosstalk and hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
• The Mediterranean diet demonstrates efficacy in improving cardiovascular prognosis and modifying gut microbiota.

Conclusions:

• Microbiota-host crosstalk is a significant factor in cardiovascular disease development and risk.
• Dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet, can modulate gut microbiota for cardiovascular benefit.