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W Kerkhoff1, A Bolck1, I Alberink1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bullet trajectory deflections in soft tissue simulants increase with wound channel length. Longer channels (15-25cm) showed greater and more erratic bullet path deviations compared to shorter channels (5-10cm).

Keywords:
Ballistic gelatineBullet trajectory deflectionBullet trajectory reconstructionSkin simulantSoft-tissue simulant

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Ballistics
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Understanding bullet trajectory is crucial for reconstructing shooting incidents.
  • Accurate trajectory reconstruction requires knowledge of bullet behavior upon impact with soft tissues.
  • Existing data on bullet deflection in soft tissues is limited, particularly concerning varying impact parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the trajectory deflections of pistol bullets passing through soft tissue simulants.
  • To investigate the influence of wound channel length on bullet deflection.
  • To assess the impact of incidence and exit angles on bullet trajectory deviations.

Main Methods:

  • Testing trajectory deflections of pistol bullets from four firearms.
  • Utilizing soft tissue simulants to mimic human tissue perforation.
  • Varying wound channel lengths (5cm to 25cm) and incidence/exit angles.

Main Results:

  • Bullet deflection was minimal to absent in 5cm and 10cm channel lengths.
  • Significant increases in deflection and erratic behavior were observed with channel lengths of 15cm, 20cm, and 25cm.
  • Both the direction and magnitude of deflection appeared to be influenced by incidence and exit angles.

Conclusions:

  • Wound channel length is a key factor influencing pistol bullet trajectory deflection in soft tissues.
  • Longer soft tissue perforations lead to more pronounced and unpredictable bullet path changes.
  • Incidence and exit angles play a role in the extent and nature of bullet deflection, necessitating consideration in forensic analysis.